'''Jean Laplanche''' (born [[June 21]] [[1924]]) is a [[French people|French]] author, theorist and [[psychoanalysis|psychoanalyst]]. Laplanche is best known for his work on [[psychosexual development]] and [[Sigmund Freud]]'s [[seduction theory]], and has written more than a dozen books on [[psychoanalytic theory]]. The journal ''Radical Philosophy'' described him as "the most original and philosophically informed psychoanalytic theorist of his day".[Fletcher and Osborn] Laplanche also ran ''Chateau de Pommard'', a French winery, for many years, and, as of 2005, lives on the estate with his wife, Nadine Laplanche.
==Early life==
Laplanche grew up in the [[Côte d'Or]] region. In his adolescence he was active with [[Catholic Action]], a [[left-wing]] social justice organization.["Jean Laplanche"] Laplanche attended the [[École Normale Supérieure]] in the 1940s, studying [[philosophy]]. He was a student of [[Jean Hyppolite]], [[Gaston Bachelard]] and [[Maurice Merleau-Ponty]]. In 1943, during the [[Vichy regime]], Laplanche joined the [[French Resistance]], and was active in Paris and Bourgogne. In 1946-47, he visited [[Harvard University]] for a year. Instead of joining that university's philosophy department, he instead studied at the Department of Social Relations, and became interested in psychoanalytic theory. Upon returning to France, Laplanche began attending lectures and undergoing psychoanalytic treatment under [[Jacques Lacan]]. Laplanche, advised by Lacan, began studying medicine, and eventually earned his doctorate and became an analyst himself, joining the [[International Psychoanalytical Association]], of which he remains a member.
Laplanche continued his political activity. In 1948, Laplanche was one of the founding members of the [[Trotskyist]] organization [[Socialisme ou Barbarie]] (''Socialism or barbarism''), but notes that the group's "atmosphere soon became impossible", due to the influence of [[Cornelius Castoriadis]], who "exerted hegemony over the journal". Nevertheless, Laplanche remained "in favour of the thesis of Socialisme ou Barbarie" until 1968.[Harpold] Its thirteenth French edition was published in 1997, and it has been translated into English. In 1969 Laplanche was made president of the ''Association Psychoanalytique de France'', and held the position until 1971. He was succeeded by Pontalis. Laplanche's collected essays on psychoanalytic theory have been published in his five volume ''Problématiques'' series, and many of Laplanche's other works have been translated into English and Spanish.
Of his work on Freud's seduction theory, he says,
[M]y job has been to show why Freud missed some very important points in this theory. But before saying that we must revise the theory, we must know it. And I think that ignorance concerning the seduction theory causes people to go back to something pre-analytic. By discussing the seduction theory we are doing justice to Freud, perhaps doing Freud better justice than he did himself. He forgot the importance of his theory, and its very meaning, which was not just the importance of external events.["An Interview with Jean Laplanche"]
One key distinction between Laplanche's approach to psychoanalysis and most of those in the English-speaking world—[[Object relations theory]], [[Ego psychology]] and [[Melanie Klein|Kleinian thought]]—is Laplanche's insistence on a distinction between ''drive'' (Trieb) and ''instinct'' (Instinkt). In contrast to the English-speaking schools, Laplanche—in some ways following Lacan—removes a biologically reductive basis from human sexuality.["Jean Laplanche"] Laplanche also served as the president of the ''[[Association Psychoanalytique de France]]''. He has now retired from teaching.
==Winemaking==
''Chateau de Pommard'' is a fifty-acre winery in [[Burgundy]], and has the longest continuous vineyard in the Côte d'Or region. The Laplanches have lived on the estate and made wine for a number of years. In 2003, the couple sold the estate to new owners. The deal included an agreement that the Laplanches would remain on the estate and continue to participate in the winemaking process.["Burgundy's Château de Pommard to Be Sold to Couple"] Their wine has been advertised as "the only wine in the world grown and bottled by an old disciple of Lacan's".["Saturday 29 September, 2001"]
Laplanche and his wife are interviewed, about both wine and psychoanalysis, in [[Agnès Varda]]'s documentary ''The Gleaners and I''.["The Gleaners and I"]
==Bibliography==
*''Hölderlin et la question du père'', Paris, PUF, 1961.
*''Vocabulaire de la psychanalyse'' (''The Language of Psycho-Analysis''), Paris, PUF, 1967.
*''Vie et mort en psychanalyse'' (''Life and Death in Psychoanalysis''), Paris, Flammarion, 1970.
*''Problématiques I : L'angoisse'', Paris, PUF, 1980.
*''Problématiques II : Castration-Symbolisations'', Paris, PUF, 1980.
*''Problématiques III : La Sublimation'', Paris, PUF, 1980.
*''Problématiques IV : L'inconscient et le ça'', Paris, PUF, 1981.
*''La pulsion pour quoi faire'', Paris, APF, 1984.
*''Fantasme originaire. fantasmes des origines, origines du fantasme'' (''Fantasy and the Origins of Sexuality''), Paris, Hachette 1985.
*''Problématiques V : Le baquet-transcendance du transfert'', Paris, PUF, 1987.
*''Nouveaux fondements pour la psychanalyse'' (''New Foundations for Psychoanalysis''), Paris, PUF, 1987.
*''Traduire Freud'', Paris, PUF, 1989.
*''La révolution copernicienne inachevée, (Travaux 1967-1992)'', Paris, Aubier 1992.
*''Le fourvoiement biologisant de la sexualité chez Freud'', Paris, Les empêcheurs de penser en rond, 1993.
*''Entre séduction et inspiration : l'homme'', Paris, PUF, 1999.
*''Le mur et l'arcade'' Paris, Flammarion, 2001.
*''Problématiques VI : L'aprés-coup'', Paris, PUF, 2005.
==References==
*{{cite journal | author=John Fletcher and Peter Osborn | title= The other within: Rethinking psychoanalysis | journal=Radical Philosophy | year=2000 | issue=102 | url=http://www.radicalphilosophy.com/default.asp?channel_id=2190&editorial_id=10027 }}
*Terry Harpold, an assistant professor in the Department of English at the University of Florida, refers to it as the "best reference in English of its kind". {{cite web | title=Interdisciplinary topics in literature: the book as technology & trope | url=http://www.nwe.ufl.edu/~tharpold/courses/fall00/lit3400/resources.html | accessdate=November 21 | accessyear=2005}}
*{{cite book | author=Laplanche, J. and Pontalis, J.B. | year=1967 | title=The Language of Psycho-Analysis | publisher=W. W. Norton and Company | id=ISBN 0-393-01105-4 }}
*{{cite web | title=An Interview with Jean Laplanche | url=http://www3.iath.virginia.edu/pmc/text-only/issue.101/11.2caruth.txt | accessdate=November 21 | accessyear=2005}}
*{{cite web | title=Burgundy's Château de Pommard to Be Sold to Bordeaux Couple | work=Wine Spectator Online | url=http://www.winespectator.com/Wine/Daily/News/1,1145,1714,00.html | accessdate=November 21 | accessyear=2005}}
*[[The Gleaners and I]], a film by [[Agnès Varda]].
*{{cite web | title=Jean Laplanche | url=http://psycho.univ-lyon2.fr/article.php3?id_article=348 | accessdate=November 22 | accessyear=2005}}
*{{cite web | title=Saturday 29 September, 2001 | work=Lacanian Press Agency | url=http://lacan.com/agence29e.html | accessdate=November 22 | accessyear=2005}}
==Notes==
[[Category:1924 births|Laplanche, Jean]]
[[Category:Living people|Laplanche, Jean]]
[[Category:French academics|Laplanche, Jean]]
[[Category:French psychiatrists|Laplanche, Jean]]
[[Category:French writers|Laplanche, Jean]]
[[Category:Freudians|Laplanche, Jean]]
[[Category:Psychoanalytic theory|Laplanche, Jean]]
[[Category:Vintners|Laplanche, Jean]]
[[fr:Jean Laplanche]]